Washington Master Esthetics Practice Exam

What is NOT a cause of extrinsic aging?

1. Sun exposure

2. Smoking

3. Genetics

4. Poor diet

The correct answer is: Genetics

Extrinsic aging refers to the aging process that is influenced by external factors rather than internal biological factors. It encompasses environmental and lifestyle-related influences that contribute to the visible signs of aging on the skin, such as wrinkles, pigmentation changes, and loss of elasticity. Genetics plays a significant role in intrinsic aging, which is the natural aging process dictated by an individual's genetic makeup and biological clock. This process is characterized by changes in skin structure and function that occur regardless of external influences. In contrast, factors such as sun exposure, smoking, and poor diet are well-documented causes of extrinsic aging. Sun exposure leads to photoaging, where UV rays damage the skin, cause DNA mutations, and promote collagen breakdown. Smoking contributes to premature aging through reduced blood flow, the introduction of harmful chemicals, and the formation of free radicals. A poor diet can affect skin health by lacking essential nutrients, leading to a decrease in skin vitality and resilience. Therefore, since genetics is inherent to an individual's biological makeup and does not stem from external environmental sources, it does not contribute to extrinsic aging.